The circumnavigation of Australia
Matthew Flinders · 1801 CE – 1803 CE · Earth
Chart the whole coast of New Holland and determine whether a strait divides the continent.
Historical context
In 1801 nobody knew whether New Holland was one landmass or two, and a French expedition under Baudin was surveying the same coasts with the same question. Flinders sailed with a passport from both governments, a rotting ship and orders to settle the shape of a continent.
The voyage, step by step
The Investigator sails
July 1801
In July 1801 Flinders leaves Spithead with a converted collier, a scientific staff and a passport from the French Republic.
Cape Leeuwin
December 1801
In December 1801 the Investigator makes the south-western corner of the continent and begins the survey eastward.
Kangaroo Island
March 1802
In March 1802, after weeks on salt rations, the crew find an island whose kangaroos have never seen a human being.
Encounter Bay
8 April 1802
On 8 April 1802 two survey ships meet on an unknown coast: the Investigator and Nicolas Baudin’s Géographe.
Bungaree joins the ship
July 1802
At Port Jackson in July 1802 Bungaree, a Kuringgai man who had sailed with Flinders before, joins the Investigator for the northern voyage.
Through the Torres Strait
October 1802
In late October 1802 the Investigator crosses the strait in three days by a new route among the reefs.
A rotten ship in the Gulf
1803 CE
Charting the Gulf of Carpentaria through the wet season, the carpenters report that the Investigator cannot survive another gale.
The circuit closed
June 1803
In June 1803 the Investigator limps into Port Jackson, having gone right round the continent for the first time.
Outcome
Completed the first circumnavigation and continuous chart of Australia before the Investigator rotted beneath him.
Matthew Flinders
British navigator who was the first to circumnavigate and chart Australia, and who gave the continent its name.
Sources
- Matthew Flinders — Wikipedia
- A Voyage to Terra AustralisMatthew Flinders · G. and W. Nicol · 1814
- The Life of Matthew FlindersMiriam Estensen · Allen & Unwin · 2002
- Bungaree — Wikipedia
Continue exploring
- Voyage to the South Pole and OceaniaJules Dumont d’Urville · 1837 CE – 1840 CE
- The Erebus and Terror in the AntarcticJames Clark Ross · 1839 CE – 1843 CE
- Lost Arctic expeditionJohn Franklin · 1845 CE – 1848 CE
- Survey of the Pacific NorthwestGeorge Vancouver · 1791 CE – 1795 CE